The categories adopted in the Red Book of the Perm region and the Russian Federation

The following categories are adopted in the Red Book of the Perm region and the Russian Federation:

Presumably extinct (category 0): species and populations  are presumed extinct from the area (or water area) of the Perm region if their habitation hasn’t been confirmed (regarding invertebrates for the last 100 years, regarding vertebrates, plants and mushrooms for the last 50 years).

Endangered (category 1): the abundance of these species and populations specimens has so much decreased that they can extinct in the near future. 

Decreasing in numbers (category 2): species and populations steadily decreasing in numbers; under further impacts leading to abundance decrease can be shortly put in the category 1 “endangered”.

Rare (category 3): the abundance of the species and populations has decreased, they inhabit limited area (or water area) or vast areas sporadically. Currently they are not vulnerable and there is no threat of their extinction but they are facing risk of being qualified as endangered.

Not evaluated (category 4). Species and populations can be probably put in one of the categories given above, but now appropriate data on their abundance and distribution are lacking or they do not fully conform to the criterion of all the categories.

Restoring and restored (category 5). The abundance and distribution of these species and populations began to restore under natural conditions or as a result of the conservation activities. They are close to the state when there is no need for urgent activities on conservation and restoration.